{"id":2990,"date":"2019-09-10T08:52:17","date_gmt":"2019-09-10T08:52:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/balteiro.com\/31_bioeconomia-y-el-sector-forestal\/"},"modified":"2019-09-10T08:52:17","modified_gmt":"2019-09-10T08:52:17","slug":"31_bioeconomia-y-el-sector-forestal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/balteiro.com\/pt-pt\/31_bioeconomia-y-el-sector-forestal\/","title":{"rendered":"Bioeconom\u00eda y el sector forestal"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Me ha llamado poderosamente la atenci\u00f3n la disrupci\u00f3n que se est\u00e1 produciendo en los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os con el empleo de ciertas palabras en \u00e1mbitos distintos a los que se formulan. Si hace d\u00e9cadas hab\u00eda un proceso mucho m\u00e1s pausado, admitido y consensuado para aceptar una nueva palabra (generalmente procedente de otra \u00e1rea de conocimiento, m\u00e1s o menos cercana), hoy en d\u00eda el frenes\u00ed de lo instant\u00e1neo y la imperiosa necesidad que tienen algunos de utilizar t\u00e9rminos \u201cpol\u00edticamente correctos\u201d, lleva a que se produzcan errores groseros y contradicciones en el uso de estos t\u00e9rminos. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

En el caso de la bioeconom\u00eda, observo que muchas veces se utiliza como una palabra \u201ccomod\u00edn\u201d que se utiliza como si fuera una especie de ciencia salvadora de m\u00faltiples problemas que asolan el planeta. Incluso hay personas que utilizan este t\u00e9rmino contraponi\u00e9ndolo a la palabra \u201ceconom\u00eda\u201d, en el sentido de querer olvidarse de los necesarios an\u00e1lisis econ\u00f3micos para lograr una gesti\u00f3n \u00f3ptima de los recursos. Esta situaci\u00f3n resulta ciertamente asombrosa, porque ser\u00eda lo mismo si se hablara de biomedicina y se contradijeran principios m\u00e9dicos. L\u00f3gicamente, a nadie con dos dedos de frente se le ocurrir\u00eda plantear estas situaciones, pero cuando brotan por el medio ideas pol\u00edticas oportunistas, se producen estos dislates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

En el \u00e1mbito forestal se observa c\u00f3mo la pol\u00edtica y la realidad bioecon\u00f3mica est\u00e1n, en ocasiones marcadamente contrapuestas. As\u00ed, si se admite que la bioeconom\u00eda se basa en la explotaci\u00f3n sostenible de los recursos biol\u00f3gicos (y, por tanto, renovables), aspectos como la econom\u00eda circular, la eficiencia en cuanto al uso de energ\u00edas renovables, la reducci\u00f3n de las emisiones, el empleo de materiales de proximidad o la sustituci\u00f3n de materiales con una huella ecol\u00f3gica elevada por otros procedentes de los recursos biol\u00f3gicos deben ser l\u00edneas que se deben seguir imperiosamente. Pues bien, si se apuesta decididamente por esta senda, vamos a repasar algunos hechos recientes relacionados con el \u00e1mbito forestal. Desde el punto de vista de lo que ser\u00eda la econom\u00eda circular, una f\u00e1brica que, cumpliendo escrupulosamente la normativa ambiental, se nutre fundamentalmente de energ\u00edas renovables procedentes de residuos de su producci\u00f3n, que produce outputs cuyo nivel de reciclaje es alt\u00edsimo, algunos de ellos que pueden sustituir a otros en cuya fabricaci\u00f3n se emplean muchos m\u00e1s recursos (tejidos basados en el algod\u00f3n o pl\u00e1sticos empleados en cultivos agr\u00edcolas), basados en materias primas cada vez con m\u00e1s criterios de sostenibilidad (madera certificada) y que cumplen requisitos de cercan\u00eda, pues encajar\u00eda perfectamente en esta estrategia. Pues la realidad dice que esto no es as\u00ed. Y el ejemplo es el apoyo que est\u00e1 teniendo la abominable idea de cerrar la f\u00e1brica de ENCE en Pontevedra, fundamentalmente por motivos ideol\u00f3gicos. Por cierto, casual o causalmente, algunos partidos pol\u00edticos no muestran el mismo discurso en relaci\u00f3n con f\u00e1bricas similares situadas en otras Comunidades Aut\u00f3nomas. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Otro ejemplo muy claro se observa en cuanto al empleo de la madera como un material de construcci\u00f3n que pueda sustituir al hormig\u00f3n y similares. Pues bien, llama mucho la atenci\u00f3n que se intente fomentar estos productos sin analizar la futura oferta de madera, con unas determinadas caracter\u00edsticas, que se puediera emplear para un uso estructural en Espa\u00f1a. Resulta muy chocante hablar de la madera en una estrategia de bioeconom\u00eda sin analizar la oferta y demanda de las distintas especies que presentan un uso maderable en Espa\u00f1a, y su impacto en los efectos cascada deseados. \u00bfO es que se quiere fomentar la bioeconom\u00eda y la econom\u00eda circular trayendo la madera de pa\u00edses n\u00f3rdicos? En definitiva, si se habla de bioeconom\u00eda en el sector forestal, resulta imprescindible hacer planes a largo plazo que puedan asegurar una m\u00ednima oferta sostenida de estos productos. Relacionado con este hecho, mientras otros pa\u00edses, e incluso el IPCC, promueven programas para forestar amplias superficies, en Espa\u00f1a no existe (que yo sepa) ning\u00fan plan al respecto. En resumen, apostar por la bioeconom\u00eda obliga a que un pa\u00eds debe plantear diferentes estrategias a largo plazo, y no s\u00f3lo para cumplir objetivos clim\u00e1ticos futuros.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Finalmente, est\u00e1 el tema de la captura de carbono. El almacenamiento de este gas tambi\u00e9n se encuentra en todas las estrategias de bioeconom\u00eda a nivel supranacional. Pues bien, en los \u00faltimos meses nos estamos encontrando con que el precio en los mercados europeos de este gas ha alcanzado cifras muy elevadas\u2026 lo que ha llevado a que algunas centrales t\u00e9rmicas deban cerrar su producci\u00f3n por su falta de competitividad. Es decir, si el precio del carbono es elevado, la empresa que emite carbono penaliza su rentabilidad, hasta el extremo de reducir su producci\u00f3n. Parad\u00f3jicamente, la empresa o particular que capture el carbono (por ejemplo, los propietarios forestales) no se benefician de esta situaci\u00f3n porque los sucesivos Gobiernos no han querido establecer un mercado del carbono \u00e1gil y transparente para el carbono capturado por las masas forestales que sea una fuente de valor para algunos sistemas forestales, a pesar del significativo porcentaje de las emisiones anuales de todo el pa\u00eds que son compensados anualmente. Para estos pol\u00edticos esta captura directamente se nacionaliza en la pr\u00e1ctica e, incluso, para algunos iluminados esta captura no se puede considerar bioeconom\u00eda, ya que procede mayoritariamente de plantaciones forestales, y, en este caso, restricciones ideol\u00f3gicas trasnochadas se sobreponen a las propias estrategias europeas al respecto.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Me ha llamado poderosamente la atenci\u00f3n la disrupci\u00f3n que se est\u00e1 produciendo en los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os con el empleo de ciertas palabras en \u00e1mbitos distintos a los que se formulan. Si hace d\u00e9cadas hab\u00eda un proceso mucho m\u00e1s pausado, admitido y consensuado para aceptar una nueva palabra (generalmente procedente de otra \u00e1rea de conocimiento, m\u00e1s […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1297,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"_editorskit_title_hidden":false,"_editorskit_reading_time":0,"_editorskit_is_block_options_detached":false,"_editorskit_block_options_position":"{}","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[96,90],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2990","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bioeconomia-forestal-pt-pt","category-sector-forestal-pt-pt"],"yoast_head":"\nBioeconom\u00eda y el sector forestal - Luis D\u00edaz Balteiro<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/balteiro.com\/pt-pt\/31_bioeconomia-y-el-sector-forestal\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bioeconom\u00eda y el sector forestal - Luis D\u00edaz Balteiro\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Me ha llamado poderosamente la atenci\u00f3n la disrupci\u00f3n que se est\u00e1 produciendo en los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os con el empleo de ciertas palabras en \u00e1mbitos distintos a los que se formulan. 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